Lappet loom



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

E. H. RYON. LAPPET LOOM.

No. 587,865. Patented Aug. 10,1897.

(No Modell; 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

E. H. RYON'.

LAPPET LOOM.

No. 587,865. Patented Aug. 10,1897.

3 Sheets-Sheet 3.' E. H. RYON.

LAPPBT LOOM (No Model.)

No. 587,885. PatentedAug. 10,1897.

ins co, mman-rw, wAsmm-ou n c UNITED STATES PATENT OEEIcE.V

EPPA H. RYON, OF WALTIIAM, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR OE ONE-HALF TO ALFRED M. GOODALE, OE SAME PLACE.

LOOM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters PatentlNo. 587,865, dated August 410, 1897'.

Appiipppipp tied April 27, 1896.

l To all wwm/ t may concern.

Be it known that I, EPPA H. RYON, of lValtham, count-y of Middlesex, and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in 5 Lappet-Looms, of which' the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like letters on the drawings representing like parts.

The present invention relates to a lappet- Io loom and is embodied in a novel construction and arrangement of the devices for weaving lappet, including the means for determining the pattern, said devices being so constructed as to be readily applicable to plain or fancy looms as now constructed without materially altering the arrangement thereof or modifying their operation.

In accordance with the present invention the reciprocating movement of the needles for making the lappet-stitch is producedV by connecting mechanism coperating with the devices which move the harness-frames, the said mechanism being so arranged that a complete reciprocation of the needles is produced at each pick, while the pattern device which controls the lateral movement of said needles and regulates the length of the lappet-stitch es is operated directly by the same mechanism that reciprocates the needles.

The attachments forming the subject of the invention are especially adapted for use with a dobby-loom and will be shown and described in connection with such a loom, but they may obviously' be used in connection with looms of different types.

The take-up device for the lappet-threads is operated by a connection with the device which operates the needles, while the shuttleguide-pin bar, which is provided in lappetlooms to protect the needles, is moved into position before the throw of the shuttle and out of the way of the reed after the shuttle is thrown by means of a cam engaging therewith during the forward and backward movement of the lay.

IVhen, as herein shown, the lappet attachment forming the subject of the present finvention is applied to a (lobby-loom, the needles, the tension device, and the pattern- 5o chain are all operated by a strap or flexible connection withA the {lobby-'blades similar to -following the same from its intermediate. to

sei-mno. 589,233. (No model.)

the strap which operates the harness-frames, and in order to produce a complete reciprocation of the needles at each pick means are provided for shifting the connection from one 5 5 to another of the two alternately-operating (lobby-blades, so that the movement of each dobbyblade from an intermediate position' to one of its extremes and back to the said intermediate position produces fa complete up-and-down movement of the needles. This is accomplished by providing at the end of the flexible strap by which the needles are operated a double hook or hook having two members so arranged that one of said members is in the path of one dobby-blade and the other in the path of an adjacent dobbyblade which moves alternately with the` blade first mentioned. At the intermediate point, therefore, or point at which two dobby-bla'des pass each other in reversing the position of the warp-threads to open a new shed the hook will embrace both of said blades, being immediately engaged by one of said blades andl its extreme position and back again, thus producing acom plete up-and-down reciprocation of the needles, and on again returning to said intermediate position the said hook is caught by the alternately-moving (lobby-blade as it passes the one which has previously engagedthe hook, thus repeating the operation and causing a second complete reciprocation of the needles. Thus the needles are always down when the shed is formed and while the shuttle is passing therethrough and up vas theA harness-frames pass each other or when the shed is closed, or, in other words, when the dobby-blades pass each other at their intermediate positions, as above described, at which time the filling-th read is beaten up and the threads of the lappet-needles are also. taken up to tighten the lappet-stitches just formed.

The pattern device is mounted on the lay,

and consists of a band or chain provided with pins, differing in length,- which control Aslides or followers, against the ends of which the needle-bars are held by means of a spring, and the said pattern-chainV is advanced the distance between two adjacent pins at each reciprocation of the needles Vby a direct con- IOO nection with the lifting-rod which actuates the needle-bars-.as, for example, a pawl cooperating with a ratchet.

Figure l is a front sectional elevation of a dobby-loom provided with lappet-weaving devices embodying the present invention; Fig.

2, a detail showing the dobby-blades and the connecting-hook whereby the needles are operated; Figs. 3 and 4, details showing, respectively, a front elevation and a sectional elevation of a modification; Fig. 5, a side elevation of the loom; Fig. 6, a detail on an enlarged scale, showingin -front elevation the pattern devices and means for operating the same; Fig. 7, a similar view, partlyin section,

' showing the means for supporting and guiding the needle-bars and the manner of their cooperation with the pattern-chain and pattern devices; Fig. 8, asimilar detail showing the pattern devices and the needle-bars in plan; Fig-9., a Sectional detail showing the shuttle-guide-pin bar and means for operating the same; and Fig. l0 is a section of one of the boxes or guides for the needle-bars, showing the yoke which carries said needlebars.

The lappet-needles a project downward from the needle-bars a2, which are supported in guides or boxes b, mounted at the ends of the lay A, which is constructed and operated in the ordinary way, it being mounted upon thesword's A2, which are rocked to produce a backward-and-forward movement of the lay by means of a crank and pitman operating from the main shaft A3, it not being deemed necessary to specify the construction and arrangement, since the invention is shown as applied toaloom of usual construction, the main elements of which of themselves embody no part of the present invention.

The shuttle-boxes and picker-staffs are of usual construction and operated in the usual way, and need not, therefore, be referred to by letter nor described..

The needles and needle-bar thus move with the lay in its forward-and-backward movement, and are capable of an up-and-down and lateral movement with relation theretoin order that the threads carried by the needles may'4 be carried below the shed, so as to be caught by the filling at each pick and afterward carried up through and across a portion of the warp-threads to form the lappetstitch determined by the pattern, after which they are again carried below the shed. to be caught at the opposite endl of said stitch at the next pick. To lthis end the needle-bars a2 are movable both vertically and longitudinally in guide-slots b', formed in the walls of the guide-boxes b, there being one of .saidl boxes at each end of the lay, securely supported thereon over the shuttle-box at the end of the shuttle-race. Vithin each of the said boxes is a yoke or bracket b2, adapted to be moved up and down in said box, as will be hereinafter described, in order to give the proper up and down reciprocating movement of thev needles. The said yoke b* is proy vided with recesses (see Fig. 10) for the needle-bars, preferably formed in lateral wings or extensions h2o, through which recesses the said needle-bars are longitudinally movable, so that while the up-and-down movement of said yoke produces a corresponding up-and-down movement of the needle-bars the said bars are capable of longitudinal` movement with relation to the yoke, thus giving a corresponding lateral movement of'the y needles, which movement is controlled by the pattern device which will be hereinafter described.

To produce the reciprocating movement of the needles corresponding to a pick of the loom, the yoke b2 is moved up and down by i 85 l the same mechanism which operates the harness-frames, (shown in this instance as the dobby-blades 13,) which are arranged Aand operated in the usual manner, the construction and operation thereof being well known "and needing no further description. The movement is imparted to the yoke or yok 5 (there being a box b and yoke b2 at each-end of the needle-bars, which extend the length of the lay) by means of a rod b3, connected to one end of an arm b4, mounted en a rockshaft b5, adapted to `be oscillated by a strap or flexible connecting-piece h6, conducted, as

by a rod B60, to the end of an arm 127, projecting from said rock-shaft, (see Fig. V5,) the said strap passing over a pulley b8 and termini` ing in ahook b9, operated by the (lobby-blades B. The said hook b9 is made with double prongs b9@ t191, projecting from opposite side.

thereof, (see Fig. 2,) the shank of said hoek 105 passing between two adjacent (lobby-blades,

which are operated to reverse their position' y Y At the time, therefore, when the lay is in its rearmost at every pick of the loom.

and the shed open for the passage of the shuttle that one of the said pair of (lobby-blades B which is farthest to the right of a person facing the loom, as shown in Fig. 1, is engaged with the corresponding pron g of the hook, asshown in dotted lines, Fig. 2, drawing up the strap be toits highest position and thus causing the needles to be carried down to the lowermostposi-tion, where the eyes thereof are low the lower warp-threads and the needlethreads running from the point of engagement with the fabric to the eyes of the needles rest upon the shuttle-race, so that the fillingthread passes above themV when the shuttleV is thrown across. kThen while the lay is advancing to beat up the filling-thread and re- :geh

4 threads above the warp-threads, at which time with the rock-shaft b5 and at their other ends with the floor or a stationary object, such as the framework, so that they have a torsional effect on the shaft with a tendency to lift the needle-bar.

As the two blades B pass one another at substantially their intermediate position and at substantially the time when the lay is in its extreme forward position, the blade which is moving from left to right engages the corresponding prong of the hook b9 and again lifts the'strap h6, this movement taking place during the backward, movement of the lay and being completed and the needles again wholly depressed by the time the shed is fully opened and the shuttle again thrown across therethrough. Thus at eachoperation of the blades and at the Vproper time in the corresponding pick of the loom the needlebarsare caused to have a complete up-anddown reciprocation, being lowered when the lay is back and the shed open and raised when the lay is forward and the last pick of iilling-thread is being beaten up.

The needles are suppliedwith thread from one or more beams c, mounted in any suitable way, each thread c2 passing down across a stationary guide-bar c3, provided with slots for the threads,one corresponding to each needle, and thence across a movable take-up device c4, and thence through a guide-bar c5 on the lay, provided with a hole for each thread, and thence through the eye of the needle.

The take-up device, which is provided for the purpose of taking up the slack thread as the needles rise, consists of a bar or roll mounted on arms C40, projecting from a rockshaft 041, having a lever-arm C42, connected by a rod C43 with an elbow-lever c, (best shown in Fig. 1,) said elbow-lever being rocked in one direction by means of a tie c45, connected with the hook b9, which operates the needles, as has been described, and in the opposite direction by a spring d, connected to a stationary portion of the frame. As the needles rise, therefore, the tension or take-up device c4 swings back to the position shown in Fig. 5, taking up the slack thread, and thereafter moves forward to allow the saidy slack to be carried down by the said needles when the needles descend at the next operation.

The pattern device is mounted on the lay and preferably consists in series of pins cl of different lengths, one series for each needlebar, so arranged that the ends of said pins cooperate with the ends of the needle-bars to l determine the position` of said needle-bars in their longitudinal movement,which obviously depends upon the length of the pin in engagement therewith at any given time. As herein shown, the said pins are carried upon a 'l chain cl2, running over sprocket-wheels d3, ar-

ranged to travel intermittingly such a discarried by the chain consecutively into engagement with the head e of a slide or follower, (best shown in Figs. 7 and 8,) provided a slot in the box o, (see Fig. 10,) so that it is capable oflongitudinal movement therein, and the opposite or inner side of the headve is engaged by the end of the corresponding needle-bar c2, each of which needle-bars is pressed against the corresponding followerhead by means of a spring a3, herein shown as located at the opposite end of said needlebar, it being obvious, therefore, thatthe position of each needle-bar is determined by the length of the pin engaged by the correspond- Fig. 7.

The pattern-chain d2 is driven directly from the reciprocating rod b3, which produces the up-and-down movement of the needles, one of the sprocket-wheels d8 being provided with a ratchet-wheel d4, cooperating with a pawl d5, mounted at the end of an elbow-lever d6, pivoted at d'7, and connected by a roddsv with the rod b3 aforesaid, a lug or extension Z330 being preferably secured to the said rod,to which Thus at each upward movement of the rod b3, which raises the needles from the shed, the pattern-chain will be advanced the distance between two adjacent pins, so that the pin which has previously determined the position of the needle-bars is carried beyond the surface of the follower e, while the next pin comes in contact therewith, the said surface being preferably, as shown, curved and conpins, so that if the succeeding pin is longer than the one which is moved away it will engage an inclined surface on the head e, so as to the right, as seen in Fig.7, against the stress of the springs a3 above described.

In order to securely hold the pattern-chain and to prevent any possibility of a reverse movement thereof, a retaining-pawl dg is provided, pivoted at d10, as best shown in Fig, 6.

To prevent an overthrow of the patterncarrier, the pawl d5 is preferably provided with a rearward extension d50, (shown in dotted lines, Fig. 6,) adapted to be engaged by a shoulder CZGO (also dotted) on the elbow-lever d6, so that when said elbow-lever is actuated bythe rod d8 the said shoulder will engage the said extension, thus holding the under surface of the pawl against the upper surface of the preceding tooth of the pawl, (the said under surface being, as shown, shaped to conform thereto,) thus effectually preventing a further forward movement of the ratchetwheel until the rod d8 again moves down.

It is obvious that one or more needle-bars may be employed, if desired, two being herein shown to illustrate the invention, each needletance as to bring the pins d of each series with a guiding portion e2, extending throughv ing head e, this being clearly illustrated in extension the said rod dsis directly connected.

stituting a cam cooperating with the patternl to move the same and carry the needle-bars.

IOO

IIO

bar being provided with a separate series of that connect, respectively, with the needlewhen the filling is practically fully beaten up.

pattern-pins, all operated simultaneously by means of the ratchet d4 and pawld, above described.

' As herein shown, the two needle-bars are both operated simultaneously by a single connection or strap b6 from the mechanism that shifts the harness-frames, and the said needle-bars have an independent longitudinal movement, eachbeing controlled by its own series of pattern-pins, although both series move simultaneously, being actuated by the mechanism that raises and lowers the needles. It is obvious, however, that each needle-bar might be actuated independently in its upand-down reciprocations as well as in its longitudinal movement, it being necessary only to provide separate lifting-bars b3 and connecting mechanism therefrom to a corresponding pair of dobby-blades or equivalent actuating means. Such construction is illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4, wherein the arms h4 Zi?,

bar-lifting rods and the dobby-blades are mounted upon a second rock-shaft 6500, shown as a sleeve inclcsing the rock-shaft b5, that operates the other needle-bar. It is obvious, furthermore, that the pattern and feeding devices therefor illustrated in Fig. 6 may be duplicated for each independently-operated needle-bar lifter, and inasmuch as the dobbyblades may be controlled by the usual pattern, so as to operate only at predetermined picks, each lappet needle-barmay be controlled entirely independently of the others, as may be sometimes desirable for certain forms of lappet-pattern.

In lappet-looms it is necessary to provide a guide for the shuttle in order to protect the needles from injury, and it is obviously necessary that the said guide should be movable in order to permit the reed to bea-t Vup the lling during the forward movement of the lay'. In accordance with the present invention the said guide consists of a series of pins f, mounted on a pin bar or blade f2, (see Fig. 6,) movable vertically i-n a slot f3, extending longitudinally through the lay A. The said bar f2 is arranged to move through the said slot as the lay moves back and forth, so that when the said lay is in the position assumed just before the pick takes place the pins f will have been carried up above the surface of the lay in front of the needles a to form the necessary guide for the shuttle as it is thrown across.

The pinbar is lowered just before the lay completes itsbeating-up movement, as shown in Fig. 9, by means of a cam f1, supported on the main frame below the lay, which is sho wn in this ligure in its forward position with the lappet-needles raised and the guide-pins lowp ered and the reed C in the position assumed The bar or blade f2 is connected at its ends by means of ties or links f5 to arms f6 of av guides for said yokes secured to said lay near ing to press the said arms upward, and said rock-shaft is also provided with another arm ff, having a cam-roll f1", cooperating with the 7o cam-surface f4, it being obvious, therefore, that as the lay moves back the cam-roll ride up the inclined surface f4, causing the blade f2 to rise and carry the pins f up above y the surface of the lay, and conversely as 75 lay moves forward the cam-roll and pin-bar i are depressed.

The appliances for weaving lappet, ashore-5 in described, may be applied to various forms of existing looms without substantial change 86 in the main operative elements of the employed for weaving plain or fancy fabrics, It is necessaryonly to provide the slot or, passage for the pin-bar in the shuttlelrgje and the lay, and to apply to the lay tlm! slotted the pin-bar and its actuating rp'kshaft, and to apply to the loom-frame a. can: y for actuating the pin-bar.

The guides and pattern for the needle-bars and the parts directly coperating therewith are all supported uponv the boxes b, which, may be secured to the swords of the lay o f existing looms without interfering with any of the functions thereof, and the remaining f connections from the needle-bar mechanislii 9'5 to the actuating part of the loom and for lappet-thread take-up mechanism are readily supplied as an attachment to looms of the usual construction. Moreover, by support ing the pattern device directly on the4 ay g very positive control of the needlefbars ig afforded, which produces a more perfect tern in the woven fabric, there being no necessity of providing complicated connecting mechanism, the use of which is liable to sult in considerable lost motion and conse'- quent inaccuracy, as has heretofore necessary. By this construction, on the contrary, the pattern device cooperates directly with the needle-bars, there being practically no intermediate connection, the device there-` fore not only being productive of better results, but also being more readily applied to existing looms. f It is not intended to limit the invention the specific construction herein shown and described, since modifications might o byif ously be made without departing from the invention. Y l I claimizo l. The combination with the lay, of the needle-bar,verticallymovable yokes therefor,

the ends thereof, the needles secured to said bar, the harness-frames, levers for operating the same to open and close the shed, and means for connecting said movable yokes with said levers to produce an up-and-down movement of the needles, substantially as de# scribed.

2. The combination with the lay, of the needle-bars and needles supported and ve r tically movable thereon, the harness-frame,-V

r0ck-shaftf7, provided with a spring f8, tendactuating levers, means for connecting said needle-bars with said levers, and a device whereby the said connecting 1n eans are shifted from one harness-operating lever to another as they pass each other in intermediate position, substantially as described.

3. Ina dobby-loom, the combination with the lay, of the needle-bar and needles mounted thereon, a pair of adjacent (lobby-blades and a ieXible Astrap or connecting member extending therefrom to the said needle-bar, and a double hook at the end of said iieXible connecting member in the pat-h of said dobbyblades whereby the connection is shifted from one to the other as they pass eachother, substant-ially as and for the purpose described.

4. The combination of the lay and needlebar guides fixed thereon nea-r the ends of the shuttle-race, with the needle-bar capable of longitudinal and vertical movement in said guides, a pattern-bearing pulley supported in bearings fixed on the lay adjacent to the end of the needle-bar, a pattern-chain on said pulley, a follower arranged in the needle-bar guides and having a longitudinal movement only and adapted to be acted upon by the pattern-chain for controlling the position of the needle-bar longitudinally, and means for producing avertical movement of said needlebar independently of said pattern, and for intermittingly rotating said pulley, substan- 1 tially as described.

5. The combination of the needle bars mounted and capable of vertical and longitudinal movement on the lay, with the lifting-rod for said needle-bars and means for actuating the same, the pattern-bearin g pulley fiXedly mounted on the lay adjacent-to the needle-bars, a pattern thereon for controlling the position of the needle-bars longitudinally, and a' device for .advancing or shifting said pattern connected to and operated by said lifting-rod whereby the said pattern is shifted in t-he vertical movement of the needle-bars, substantially as described.

6. The combination with the needle-bars and guides therefor supported on the lay of a loom, of means for reciprocating said needlebars vertically in said guides, and a patternbearing pulley xedly mounted on said lay in proximity to said needle-bars and a pattern thereon adapted by its movement to produce a longitudinal movement of said needlebars, the extent of said movement being also determined by said pattern, and a device for actuating said pattern connected to and operated by said needle bar reciprocating means, substantially as described.

7. The combination with the needle-bars mounted on the lay and capable of vertical and longitudinal movement with relation thereto, of the harness-operating devices, the lifting-rod for said needles connected with the said harness-operating devices, the pattern device comprising a series of pins mounted on an endless chain, said pins cooperating with the needle-bars to determine the posi- 8. In a lappet-loom, the combination of the lay and needle-bar guides fixed thereon near the ends of the shuttle-race, with a needle-bar capable of longitudinal and vertical movement in said guides, means for vertically moving said bar, a follower for said needle-bar arranged in said needle-bar guides, and haviu g a vertical guide-surface engaging the end of the needle-bar, and a pattern supported in bearings fixed on the lay having projections coperating with said follower to move itonly longitudinally, substantially as and for the purpose described.

9. The combination of the lay and needlebar guides fixed thereon near the end of the shuttle-race, with the needle-bar capable of longitudinal and vertical movement in said guides, means for vertically moving said bar, a pattern-chain-bearing pulley supported in bearings fixed on the lay with its axis at right angles to the length of the needle-bar, and means for intermittingly rotating the same, a pattern-chain having its links provided with pins or projections carried by said pulley, and a cam-surface cooperating therewith interposed between said pins and the needle-bar, whereby said pins cause longitudinal movement of the needle-bar as' they are successively brought forward by the intermittent rotation of the pulley, substantially as described.

10. The combination with the needle-bars, of guides therefor supported on the lay, the harness-operating levers, a device for connecting said needle-bars with said levers to produce a reciprocating vertical movement of said bars in said guides, and a take-up for the needle-threads also operated by said levers through said connecting devices, substan` tially as described.

ll. In a lappet-loom the combination with the lay, of the guide-pins and guide-'pin bar supported and guided in a vertical longitudinal slot in said lay, a spring-actuated rockshaft mounted on said lay and provided with an arm or project-ion connected to said pinbar and a cam secured to the frame of the loom and adapted to engage a cam projection on said rock-shaft during the movement ofv the lay, to produce an oscillation thereof, substantially as described.

12. In a lappet-loom, the combination with the harness-operating levers, of a rock-shaft mounted near the base of the loom, a transverse arm on said rock-shaft, one end of which is connected with one or more of said levers, a needle-bar, and a lifting-rod therefor connected with the opposite end of said arm, substantially as described.

13. In a lappet-loom, the combination with the harness-operating levers, of a rock-shaft mounted near the base of the loom, means for IOO IIO

connecting said rock-shaft with said levers to produce an oscillation of saidshaft,V the lay provided with guides, a needle-br vertically and longitudinally movable in said guides, :t needle-bar-lifting rod connected with an arm or projection from said rock-shaft,- a; patternv r aten with a, ratchet-wheelcolrnected! with ons Y device coperatinfg with the end oftheneedlebar to produce a longitudinal noverhent thereof and determine the extentof such move= ment, and an actuator forV said pattern device connected with said lifting-rod, substantially' relation thereto, apatternv device comp-rising. i

a series of pins mounted on mi' endlesschifn, sprockets or pulleys' forsaidl chafmounted on the ley, a follower interposed` between the` i said pattern device and the end. of th-elneedlv' :la f bar, the needle-barlifting rod', and a psw] connected therewith and adapted-'- top'erof said sprockets', substantially as described.`

In testimony whereof I have signed my 25, name to this specification iin` the" presence al two subscribing witnesses.

Witnesses-r H. J. LivERMoRE., N. P. FORD. 

